Export document
Certificate of origin forms
A certificate of origin proves where goods were made so they can enter at a preferential rate. There is no single form. Each agreement has its own, and presenting the wrong one for the route means the preference is refused even though the goods qualified.
The essentials.
- Form D
- Under the ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement, for movements between the ten ASEAN member states.1
- Form E
- Under the ASEAN and China free trade area, for shipments from an ASEAN country into China.1
- The others
- ASEAN has separate agreements with Korea, Japan, India, Australia and New Zealand, each with its own form. Which applies follows the route rather than the goods.1
- Europe today
- A statement on origin made by a REX-registered exporter, until Indonesia leaves the EU preference scheme on 1 January 2027.2
Who asks for it.
This travels with the goods wherever they go. Either Indonesia requires it on the way out, or it is an ordinary trade document that any buyer, bank and carrier expects to see.
What it does not cover.
The form does not create the origin
Goods qualify because of where they were produced and how much was done there. The certificate records that. A form issued for goods that do not meet the origin rules is a problem rather than a preference.
It is not proof of quality or legality
Origin is a customs question. Whether the goods are legal, safe or of the agreed grade is answered by entirely different documents.
Questions buyers ask.
Who issues the certificate?
Depending on the scheme, an authorised body in the exporting country or the exporter themselves under a self-certification arrangement. Which route applies is part of the agreement, and your supplier should know it without looking.
What happens if the wrong form arrives?
The preference is refused and the standard rate applies, which on a manufactured good can be a large number. Correcting it after entry is possible in some places and slow everywhere, so it is worth confirming the form before production rather than at the port.
Where this comes up.
What changes on 1 January 2027
Indonesia leaves the EU's Generalised Scheme of Preferences, and that part is already law. The trade agreement meant to replace it still needs three approvals. What an EU buyer should check now.
Finding your duty rate
Five steps to your own number, the two dated changes coming to Indonesian preferences, and why this page prints no percentages.
Sources
- 1ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement and its rules of origin. Association of Southeast Asian Nations. Checked 3 August 2026.
- 2Registered Exporter system (REX). European Commission, Taxation and Customs Union. Checked 3 August 2026.
Need this document for a real shipment?
Tell us the product and the destination port. We come back with the full document set for that route, who issues each one, and how long it takes.